Cylinder head



April 18-, 1939. E. ASKE 2,154,717

CYLINDER HEAD Filed June .22, 1956 11v VENTOR fFl/l/VG 5 145K:

, A TTORNE Y6 Patented Apr. 1a, 1930 um'rso STATES,"

PATENT- orries ease-m crushes 1m n Irving s. nskeyihlaahegon, Mica. assisnor to CampbelL- Wyant -& Cannon Foundry Company; Muakegon' of Michigan Heights. Mich, a corporation "Application June :2. 1m, Serial No. 80.5w

30laims.

This invention relates-to improvements in. the heads or covers which are located over the ends of the cylinder blocks" of internal combustion ennes.

Such cylinder heads ordinarilyheretofore havebeen made from castiron. and the parts at the lower side of the head which are overthe ends of the engine cylinders and around and over the intake and exhaust valve ports have required machining to produce a smooth surface. Cast iron as a material for engine cylinder blocks and covering heads is s-very satisfactory materialcombustioncha'mber to the water :which is located es or cavities in the cylinder in certain head. The necessity of rapid conduction of heat in order that the engine parts may'not overheat is obvious.

In my invention it is a primary object and purpose to produce a cylinder cover for the cylinders and laterally connected combustion chambers therefor which will be smooth and not require machining after casting, to whichcarbon does not normally adhere, and in which there is. the same rapidity of heat conduction as in an engine head made wholly from cast iron. Specifically itis an object and purpose of the present invention to produce a cover orhead for the cylinder block of cast iron lined with steel at its underside at each cylinder and combustion chamber associated with the cylinder,- the engaging surfaces of the steel liners and of the cast iron-being fused together to provide the desired rapid eonducticn of heat which t generated in the. engine operation. The engine cover or head is produced byplacingin themold the several steelmembers which serve asliners, one for each cylinder of the engine and the combmtion chamber connected therewith, the steel liners being PM] preformed into shape. and'then pouring molten iron into the mold and at a tmeratme niiiiciently -highthat,wlththequanfliaofmoltenironiiilc andtheretentionofhighternperatureintbeir'on for a considerable period of time after the ispoured,thereisprochicedasubstanflallyin- 'tegraljoinderofthest'eelliners'tothecastirdn cylinder head over the entire enga n surfaces of thetwo ferrom materials, thereby obtaining ineii'ectanintegralproductbavingtheaame degree of heat conduction as heads or covers.

The invention will be understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which.

Fig. 1 is an underplan view of the cylinder block cover or head showing the liner for one cylinder and combustion ch mber, and

Fig. 2 is a fragme tary transverse vertical section through the upper part of an engine illus- 1o trating a cylinder and combustion chamber therefor having my invention applied. Like reference characters refer to like parts in the figures of the drawing.

. The engine block i is of usual construction 1 having vertical cylinders 2,- ports 3, opened and .closed by valves 4 in the usual manner, the cylindcr block having a desired number of cylinders and being of a cast iron material. The head or cover I is principally of cast iron, carrying the 80 usual spark-plugs t; the inner ends of which eartend one to each of the combustion chambers I. There is a combustion chamber between; the port entrance and the upper end of each cylinder 2 as shown in Pig. 2. j

with my invention a sheet metal liner is provided having an upper side 8 and with downwardly extending flanges to line the combustion chamber I, and thence extended farther in a sec tion I! to line the underside of the head over the upper end of each of the cylinders. The shape of the sections I. will correspond to the shape of the upper end of the pistons ii which'are mounted in the cylinders.- In Fig. 2 the upper end'of the cylinder is of a convex forni and the part II is 35 similarlyshapedsoas tobespacedashortdistanc'e. from the convex upper end of the piston at all points beyond the combustion chamber, I which combustion chamber extends partly over the upper end of the piston as shown.

The liner is of steel having a carbon content preferably as high as can be practically used in die stamping and forming operations. that is, the 1 carbon content cannotbe too high or much b'emod 30% as it will .lack'ductibility so. that it 45 cannot be properly drawn cold. The liners, one for each cylinder and combustion chamber in the engine, areproperly placed in the mold and the molten iron is poured into the mold contacting the liner at all surfaces opposite the positions of the combustionchambers and cylinders. The

molten metal is at a high degree of temperature.

forexample, at least 2501i or 2600' 1'. preferably. With the body of molten metal used and the escape of heat retarded and checked by the mold.

all-cast cylinder at initial pouring temperatures substantially complete iusion of the steel liners with the cast iron material of the rest of the head is attained.

. that the steel surfaces over the combustion chambers and the pistons remain clean and free of carbon collection. The fusion joinder of the liners to the cast iron cover provides the same high degree of conductivity of heat to the cooling water as does a solid cast iron head or cover.

The invention is very practical, simple to produce and particularly useful in operation. The claims appended hereto define the invention.

I claim: 3 1. A cast iron cover or head ior cylinder blocks of internal combustion engines and a steel liningi at the inner side of said head over the cylinders and combustion chambers, said liningand cast iron head having fused connection.

2. A cast iron cylinder head or cover for internal combustion engines and a preformed steel lining member at the inner side of said head fused thereto, adapted to provide the upper wall of a combustion chamber connected with the cylinder in the engine to which the head or cover is applied.

3. A cylinder head structure comprising a cylinder cover member of cast iron and a sheet steel 1 memmr having formed therein a combustion chamber, the said members having a fused connection throughout their opposed areas.

IRVING E. ABKE. 

